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-\section{\module{stat} ---
- Interpreting \function{stat()} results}
-
-\declaremodule{standard}{stat}
-\modulesynopsis{Utilities for interpreting the results of
- \function{os.stat()}, \function{os.lstat()} and \function{os.fstat()}.}
-\sectionauthor{Skip Montanaro}{skip@automatrix.com}
-
-
-The \module{stat} module defines constants and functions for
-interpreting the results of \function{os.stat()},
-\function{os.fstat()} and \function{os.lstat()} (if they exist). For
-complete details about the \cfunction{stat()}, \cfunction{fstat()} and
-\cfunction{lstat()} calls, consult the documentation for your system.
-
-The \module{stat} module defines the following functions to test for
-specific file types:
-
-
-\begin{funcdesc}{S_ISDIR}{mode}
-Return non-zero if the mode is from a directory.
-\end{funcdesc}
-
-\begin{funcdesc}{S_ISCHR}{mode}
-Return non-zero if the mode is from a character special device file.
-\end{funcdesc}
-
-\begin{funcdesc}{S_ISBLK}{mode}
-Return non-zero if the mode is from a block special device file.
-\end{funcdesc}
-
-\begin{funcdesc}{S_ISREG}{mode}
-Return non-zero if the mode is from a regular file.
-\end{funcdesc}
-
-\begin{funcdesc}{S_ISFIFO}{mode}
-Return non-zero if the mode is from a FIFO (named pipe).
-\end{funcdesc}
-
-\begin{funcdesc}{S_ISLNK}{mode}
-Return non-zero if the mode is from a symbolic link.
-\end{funcdesc}
-
-\begin{funcdesc}{S_ISSOCK}{mode}
-Return non-zero if the mode is from a socket.
-\end{funcdesc}
-
-Two additional functions are defined for more general manipulation of
-the file's mode:
-
-\begin{funcdesc}{S_IMODE}{mode}
-Return the portion of the file's mode that can be set by
-\function{os.chmod()}---that is, the file's permission bits, plus the
-sticky bit, set-group-id, and set-user-id bits (on systems that support
-them).
-\end{funcdesc}
-
-\begin{funcdesc}{S_IFMT}{mode}
-Return the portion of the file's mode that describes the file type (used
-by the \function{S_IS*()} functions above).
-\end{funcdesc}
-
-Normally, you would use the \function{os.path.is*()} functions for
-testing the type of a file; the functions here are useful when you are
-doing multiple tests of the same file and wish to avoid the overhead of
-the \cfunction{stat()} system call for each test. These are also
-useful when checking for information about a file that isn't handled
-by \refmodule{os.path}, like the tests for block and character
-devices.
-
-All the variables below are simply symbolic indexes into the 10-tuple
-returned by \function{os.stat()}, \function{os.fstat()} or
-\function{os.lstat()}.
-
-\begin{datadesc}{ST_MODE}
-Inode protection mode.
-\end{datadesc}
-
-\begin{datadesc}{ST_INO}
-Inode number.
-\end{datadesc}
-
-\begin{datadesc}{ST_DEV}
-Device inode resides on.
-\end{datadesc}
-
-\begin{datadesc}{ST_NLINK}
-Number of links to the inode.
-\end{datadesc}
-
-\begin{datadesc}{ST_UID}
-User id of the owner.
-\end{datadesc}
-
-\begin{datadesc}{ST_GID}
-Group id of the owner.
-\end{datadesc}
-
-\begin{datadesc}{ST_SIZE}
-Size in bytes of a plain file; amount of data waiting on some special
-files.
-\end{datadesc}
-
-\begin{datadesc}{ST_ATIME}
-Time of last access.
-\end{datadesc}
-
-\begin{datadesc}{ST_MTIME}
-Time of last modification.
-\end{datadesc}
-
-\begin{datadesc}{ST_CTIME}
-The ``ctime'' as reported by the operating system. On some systems
-(like \UNIX) is the time of the last metadata change, and, on others
-(like Windows), is the creation time (see platform documentation for
-details).
-\end{datadesc}
-
-The interpretation of ``file size'' changes according to the file
-type. For plain files this is the size of the file in bytes. For
-FIFOs and sockets under most flavors of \UNIX{} (including Linux in
-particular), the ``size'' is the number of bytes waiting to be read at
-the time of the call to \function{os.stat()}, \function{os.fstat()},
-or \function{os.lstat()}; this can sometimes be useful, especially for
-polling one of these special files after a non-blocking open. The
-meaning of the size field for other character and block devices varies
-more, depending on the implementation of the underlying system call.
-
-Example:
-
-\begin{verbatim}
-import os, sys
-from stat import *
-
-def walktree(top, callback):
- '''recursively descend the directory tree rooted at top,
- calling the callback function for each regular file'''
-
- for f in os.listdir(top):
- pathname = os.path.join(top, f)
- mode = os.stat(pathname)[ST_MODE]
- if S_ISDIR(mode):
- # It's a directory, recurse into it
- walktree(pathname, callback)
- elif S_ISREG(mode):
- # It's a file, call the callback function
- callback(pathname)
- else:
- # Unknown file type, print a message
- print 'Skipping %s' % pathname
-
-def visitfile(file):
- print 'visiting', file
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
- walktree(sys.argv[1], visitfile)
-\end{verbatim}