diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Doc/library/ctypes.rst')
| -rw-r--r-- | Doc/library/ctypes.rst | 32 |
1 files changed, 16 insertions, 16 deletions
diff --git a/Doc/library/ctypes.rst b/Doc/library/ctypes.rst index 386a44d..3687f86 100644 --- a/Doc/library/ctypes.rst +++ b/Doc/library/ctypes.rst @@ -934,7 +934,7 @@ other, and finally follow the pointer chain a few times:: Callback functions ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ -:mod:`ctypes` allows to create C callable function pointers from Python callables. +:mod:`ctypes` allows creating C callable function pointers from Python callables. These are sometimes called *callback functions*. First, you must create a class for the callback function, the class knows the @@ -1404,7 +1404,7 @@ details, consult the :manpage:`dlopen(3)` manpage, on Windows, *mode* is ignored. The *use_errno* parameter, when set to True, enables a ctypes mechanism that -allows to access the system :data:`errno` error number in a safe way. +allows accessing the system :data:`errno` error number in a safe way. :mod:`ctypes` maintains a thread-local copy of the systems :data:`errno` variable; if you call foreign functions created with ``use_errno=True`` then the :data:`errno` value before the function call is swapped with the ctypes private @@ -1478,7 +1478,7 @@ loader instance. Class which loads shared libraries. *dlltype* should be one of the :class:`CDLL`, :class:`PyDLL`, :class:`WinDLL`, or :class:`OleDLL` types. - :meth:`__getattr__` has special behavior: It allows to load a shared library by + :meth:`__getattr__` has special behavior: It allows loading a shared library by accessing it as attribute of a library loader instance. The result is cached, so repeated attribute accesses return the same library each time. @@ -1557,7 +1557,7 @@ They are instances of a private class: It is possible to assign a callable Python object that is not a ctypes type, in this case the function is assumed to return a C :c:type:`int`, and - the callable will be called with this integer, allowing to do further + the callable will be called with this integer, allowing further processing or error checking. Using this is deprecated, for more flexible post processing or error checking use a ctypes data type as :attr:`restype` and assign a callable to the :attr:`errcheck` attribute. @@ -1573,7 +1573,7 @@ They are instances of a private class: When a foreign function is called, each actual argument is passed to the :meth:`from_param` class method of the items in the :attr:`argtypes` - tuple, this method allows to adapt the actual argument to an object that + tuple, this method allows adapting the actual argument to an object that the foreign function accepts. For example, a :class:`c_char_p` item in the :attr:`argtypes` tuple will convert a unicode string passed as argument into an byte string using ctypes conversion rules. @@ -1581,7 +1581,7 @@ They are instances of a private class: New: It is now possible to put items in argtypes which are not ctypes types, but each item must have a :meth:`from_param` method which returns a value usable as argument (integer, string, ctypes instance). This allows - to define adapters that can adapt custom objects as function parameters. + defining adapters that can adapt custom objects as function parameters. .. attribute:: errcheck @@ -1595,12 +1595,12 @@ They are instances of a private class: *result* is what the foreign function returns, as specified by the :attr:`restype` attribute. - *func* is the foreign function object itself, this allows to reuse the + *func* is the foreign function object itself, this allows reusing the same callable object to check or post process the results of several functions. *arguments* is a tuple containing the parameters originally passed to - the function call, this allows to specialize the behavior on the + the function call, this allows specializing the behavior on the arguments used. The object that this function returns will be returned from the @@ -1853,7 +1853,7 @@ Utility functions If a string is specified as first argument, the buffer is made one item larger than the length of the string so that the last element in the array is a NUL termination character. An integer can be passed as second argument which allows - to specify the size of the array if the length of the string should not be used. + specifying the size of the array if the length of the string should not be used. If the first parameter is a unicode string, it is converted into an 8-bit string according to ctypes conversion rules. @@ -1870,7 +1870,7 @@ Utility functions If a unicode string is specified as first argument, the buffer is made one item larger than the length of the string so that the last element in the array is a NUL termination character. An integer can be passed as second argument which - allows to specify the size of the array if the length of the string should not + allows specifying the size of the array if the length of the string should not be used. If the first parameter is a 8-bit string, it is converted into an unicode string @@ -1879,14 +1879,14 @@ Utility functions .. function:: DllCanUnloadNow() - Windows only: This function is a hook which allows to implement in-process + Windows only: This function is a hook which allows implementing in-process COM servers with ctypes. It is called from the DllCanUnloadNow function that the _ctypes extension dll exports. .. function:: DllGetClassObject() - Windows only: This function is a hook which allows to implement in-process + Windows only: This function is a hook which allows implementing in-process COM servers with ctypes. It is called from the DllGetClassObject function that the ``_ctypes`` extension dll exports. @@ -2432,7 +2432,7 @@ other data types containing pointer type fields. checked, only one field can be accessed when names are repeated. It is possible to define the :attr:`_fields_` class variable *after* the - class statement that defines the Structure subclass, this allows to create + class statement that defines the Structure subclass, this allows creating data types that directly or indirectly reference themselves:: class List(Structure): @@ -2453,7 +2453,7 @@ other data types containing pointer type fields. .. attribute:: _pack_ - An optional small integer that allows to override the alignment of + An optional small integer that allows overriding the alignment of structure fields in the instance. :attr:`_pack_` must already be defined when :attr:`_fields_` is assigned, otherwise it will have no effect. @@ -2465,8 +2465,8 @@ other data types containing pointer type fields. assigned, otherwise it will have no effect. The fields listed in this variable must be structure or union type fields. - :mod:`ctypes` will create descriptors in the structure type that allows to - access the nested fields directly, without the need to create the + :mod:`ctypes` will create descriptors in the structure type that allow + accessing the nested fields directly, without the need to create the structure or union field. Here is an example type (Windows):: |