blob: 7f5679c8567ede486981b919f2fa950b536491e8 (
plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
|
\section{Built-in Module \sectcode{math}}
\label{module-math}
\bimodindex{math}
\setindexsubitem{(in module math)}
This module is always available.
It provides access to the mathematical functions defined by the \C{}
standard.
They are:
\begin{funcdesc}{acos}{x}
Return the arc cosine of \var{x}.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{asin}{x}
Return the arc sine of \var{x}.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{atan}{x}
Return the arc tangent of \var{x}.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{atan2}{x, y}
Return \code{atan(\var{x} / \var{y})}.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{ceil}{x}
Return the ceiling of \var{x} as a real.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{cos}{x}
Return the cosine of \var{x}.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{cosh}{x}
Return the hyperbolic cosine of \var{x}.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{exp}{x}
Return \code{e**\var{x}}.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{fabs}{x}
Return the absolute value of the real \var{x}.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{floor}{x}
Return the floor of \var{x} as a real.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{fmod}{x, y}
Return \code{\var{x} \%\ \var{y}}.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{frexp}{x}
Return the matissa and exponent for \var{x}. The mantissa is
positive.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{hypot}{x, y}
Return the Euclidean distance, \code{sqrt(\var{x}*\var{x} + \var{y}*\var{y})}.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{ldexp}{x, i}
Return \code{\var{x} * (2**\var{i})}.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{log}{x}
Return the natural logarithm of \var{x}.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{log10}{x}
Return the base-10 logarithm of \var{x}.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{modf}{x}
Return the fractional and integer parts of \var{x}. Both results
carry the sign of \var{x}. The integer part is returned as a real.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{pow}{x, y}
Return \code{\var{x}**\var{y}}.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{sin}{x}
Return the sine of \var{x}.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{sinh}{x}
Return the hyperbolic sine of \var{x}.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{sqrt}{x}
Return the square root of \var{x}.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{tan}{x}
Return the tangent of \var{x}.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{tanh}{x}
Return the hyperbolic tangent of \var{x}.
\end{funcdesc}
Note that \function{frexp()} and \function{modf()} have a different
call/return pattern than their \C{} equivalents: they take a single
argument and return a pair of values, rather than returning their
second return value through an `output parameter' (there is no such
thing in Python).
The module also defines two mathematical constants:
\begin{datadesc}{pi}
The mathematical constant \emph{pi}.
\end{datadesc}
\begin{datadesc}{e}
The mathematical constant \emph{e}.
\end{datadesc}
\begin{seealso}
\seemodule{cmath}{Complex number versions of many of these functions.}
\end{seealso}
|
