1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
|
[See end for ** TIPS on using IDLE]
Click on the dotted line at the top of a menu to "tear it off": a
separate window containing the menu is created.
File Menu:
New Window -- create a new editing window
Open... -- open an existing file
Recent Files... -- open a list of recent files
Open Module... -- open an existing module (searches sys.path)
Class Browser -- show classes and methods in current file
Path Browser -- show sys.path directories, modules, classes
and methods
---
Save -- save current window to the associated file (unsaved
windows have a * before and after the window title)
Save As... -- save current window to new file, which becomes
the associated file
Save Copy As... -- save current window to different file
without changing the associated file
---
Print Window -- print the current window
---
Close -- close current window (asks to save if unsaved)
Exit -- close all windows and quit IDLE (asks to save if unsaved)
Edit Menu:
Undo -- Undo last change to current window (max 1000 changes)
Redo -- Redo last undone change to current window
---
Cut -- Copy selection into system-wide clipboard; then delete selection
Copy -- Copy selection into system-wide clipboard
Paste -- Insert system-wide clipboard into window
Select All -- Select the entire contents of the edit buffer
---
Find... -- Open a search dialog box with many options
Find Again -- Repeat last search
Find Selection -- Search for the string in the selection
Find in Files... -- Open a search dialog box for searching files
Replace... -- Open a search-and-replace dialog box
Go to Line -- Ask for a line number and show that line
Expand Word -- Expand the word you have typed to match another
word in the same buffer; repeat to get a different
expansion
Format Menu (only in Edit window):
Indent Region -- Shift selected lines right 4 spaces
Dedent Region -- Shift selected lines left 4 spaces
Comment Out Region -- Insert ## in front of selected lines
Uncomment Region -- Remove leading # or ## from selected lines
Tabify Region -- Turns *leading* stretches of spaces into tabs
Untabify Region -- Turn *all* tabs into the right number of spaces
New Indent Width... -- Open dialog to change indent width
Format Paragraph -- Reformat the current blank-line-separated paragraph
Run Menu (only in Edit window):
Python Shell -- Open or wake up the Python shell window
---
Check Module -- Run a syntax check on the module
Run Script -- Execute the current file in the __main__ namespace
Shell Menu (only in Shell window):
View Last Restart -- Scroll the shell window to the last restart
Restart Shell -- Restart the interpreter with a fresh environment
---
Go to File/Line -- look around the insert point for a filename
and linenumber, open the file, and show the line
Debugger (toggle) -- Run commands in the shell under the debugger
Stack Viewer -- show the stack traceback of the last exception
Auto-open Stack Viewer (toggle) -- Open stack viewer on traceback
Options Menu:
Configure IDLE -- Open a configuration dialog. Fonts, indentation,
keybindings, and color themes may be altered.
Startup preferences may be set.
---
Revert to Default Settings -- Restore original settings
Windows Menu:
Zoom Height -- toggles the window between configured size
and maximum height.
---
The rest of this menu lists the names of all open windows;
select one to bring it to the foreground (deiconifying it if
necessary).
Help Menu:
IDLE Help -- Display this file
Python Documentation -- Access local Python documentation, if
installed. Otherwise access python.org.
IDLE Readme -- Background discussion and change details
---
About IDLE --- Version, copyright, license, credits
** TIPS
========
Basic editing and navigation:
Backspace deletes to the left; DEL deletes to the right
Arrow keys and Page Up/Down to move around
Home/End go to begin/end of line
Control-Home/End go to begin/end of file
Some Emacs or standard Windows bindings may work.
Keybindings are selected in the Settings Dialog, look there.
Automatic indentation:
After a block-opening statement, the next line is indented by
4 spaces (in the Python Shell window by one tab). After
certain keywords (break, return etc.) the next line is
dedented. In leading indentation, Backspace deletes up to 4
spaces if they are there. Tab inserts spaces (in the
Python Shell window one tab), number depends on Indent Width
See also the indent/dedent region commands in the edit menu.
Python Shell window:
^C interrupts executing command
^D sends end-of-file; closes window if typed at >>> prompt
Command history:
Alt-p retrieves previous command matching what you have typed
Alt-n retrieves next
Return while on any previous command retrieves that command
Alt-/ (Expand word) is also useful here
Syntax colors:
The coloring is applied in a background "thread", so you may
occasionally see uncolorized text. To change the color
scheme, use the Settings/Highlighting dialog.
Python default syntax colors:
Keywords orange
Strings green
Comments red
Definitions blue
Shell default colors:
Console output brown
stdout blue
stderr dark green
stdin black
Other preferences:
The font preferences, keybinding, and startup preferences can
be changed using the Settings dialog.
Command line usage:
Enter idle -h at the command prompt to get a usage message.
|
